J Curr Surg

Journal of Current Surgery, ISSN 1927-1298 print, 1927-1301 online, Open Access

Article copyright, the authors; Journal compilation copyright, J Curr Surg and Elmer Press Inc

Journal website http://www.currentsurgery.org

Original Article

Volume 9, Number 1, March 2019, pages 1-5

Effect of Early Endoscopic Evaluation With Balloon Dilatation on Preventing Esophagojejunal Strictures Following Total Gastrectomy for Gastric Cancer

**Table 1.** Clinicopathological Characteristics of the 209 Patients Who Underwent Total Gastrectomy
Variable	Delayed stricture, n = 209	P-value	Number (%), n = 209
Tumor stages are based on the TNM classification system from the seventh edition of the Union for International Cancer Control/American Joint Committee on Cancer. ^a“Early” means the 10th POD; ^bGFS: gastrofiberscopy; ^c“Delayed” means 1 month after surgery.
Age
< 60	90 (50.6)	16 (51.6)	0.914	106 (50.7)
≥ 60	88 (49.4)	15 (48.4)		103 (49.3)
Sex
Male	122 (68.5)	17 (54.8)	0.136	139 (66.5)
Female	56 (31.5)	14 (45.2)		70 (33.5)
Body mass index (kg/m²)
< 18.5	5 (2.8)	5 (16.2)	0.031	10 (4.8)
≥ 18.5 and < 23	78 (43.8)	13 (41.9)		91 (43.5)
≥ 23	95 (53.4)	13 (41.9)		108 (51.7)
EEA™^{size (mm)}
25	162 (91.0)	29 (93.5)	1	191 (91.4)
28	16 (9)	2 (6.5)		18 (9.6)
TG (mg/dL)
< 150	146 (82.0)	27 (87.1))	0.267	173 (82.8)
≥ 150	32 (18.0)	4 (2.9)		36 (17.2)
Stage
Early	46 (25.8)	8 (25.8)	0.997	54 (25.8)
Advanced	132 (74.2)	23 (74.2)		155 (74.2)
T stage
T1	43 (24.2)	8 (25.8)	0.815	51 (24.4)
T2	21 (11.8)	2 (6.5)		23 (11.0)
T3	51 (28.7)	9 (29.0)		60 (28.7)
T4	63 (35.3)	12 (38.7)		75 (35.9)
N stage
N0	68 (38.2)	10 (32.3)	0.637	78 (37.3)
N1	22 (12.4)	3 (9.7)		25 (12.0)
N2	21 (11.8)	4 (12.9)		25 (12.0)
N3	67 (37.6)	14 (45.1)		81 ( 38.7)
M stage
M0	165 (92.7)	28 (90.3)	0.712	193 (92.3)
M1	13 (7.3)	3 (9.7)		16 (7.7)
Tumor size
< 6 cm	98 (55.1)	21 (67.7)	0.188	119 (56.9)
≥ 6 cm	80 (44.9)	10 (32.3)		90 (43.1)
Early^a GFS^b
No	134 (75.3)	14 (45.2)	0.001	148 (70.8)
Yes	44 (24.7)	17 (54.8)		61 (29.2)
Early^a balloon dilatation
No	166 (93.3)	27 (87.1)	0.266	193 (92.3)
Yes	12 (6.7)	4 (2.9)		16 (7.7)
Delayed^c stricture
No				178 (85.1)
Yes				31 (14.9)

Table 1. Clinicopathological Characteristics of the 209 Patients Who Underwent Total Gastrectomy

Variable

Delayed stricture, n = 209

P-value

Number (%), n = 209

No (%) n = 178

Yes (%) n = 31

Tumor stages are based on the TNM classification system from the seventh edition of the Union for International Cancer Control/American Joint Committee on Cancer. ^a“Early” means the 10th POD; ^bGFS: gastrofiberscopy; ^c“Delayed” means 1 month after surgery.

Age

< 60

90 (50.6)

16 (51.6)

0.914

106 (50.7)

≥ 60

88 (49.4)

15 (48.4)

103 (49.3)

Sex

Male

122 (68.5)

17 (54.8)

0.136

139 (66.5)

Female

56 (31.5)

14 (45.2)

70 (33.5)

Body mass index (kg/m²)

< 18.5

5 (2.8)

5 (16.2)

0.031

10 (4.8)

≥ 18.5 and < 23

78 (43.8)

13 (41.9)

91 (43.5)

≥ 23

95 (53.4)

13 (41.9)

108 (51.7)

EEA™^{size (mm)}

162 (91.0)

29 (93.5)

191 (91.4)

16 (9)

2 (6.5)

18 (9.6)

TG (mg/dL)

< 150

146 (82.0)

27 (87.1))

0.267

173 (82.8)

≥ 150

32 (18.0)

4 (2.9)

36 (17.2)

Stage

Early

46 (25.8)

8 (25.8)

0.997

54 (25.8)

Advanced

132 (74.2)

23 (74.2)

155 (74.2)

T stage

43 (24.2)

8 (25.8)

0.815

51 (24.4)

21 (11.8)

2 (6.5)

23 (11.0)

51 (28.7)

9 (29.0)

60 (28.7)

63 (35.3)

12 (38.7)

75 (35.9)

N stage

68 (38.2)

10 (32.3)

0.637

78 (37.3)

22 (12.4)

3 (9.7)

25 (12.0)

21 (11.8)

4 (12.9)

25 (12.0)

67 (37.6)

14 (45.1)

81 ( 38.7)

M stage

165 (92.7)

28 (90.3)

0.712

193 (92.3)

13 (7.3)

3 (9.7)

16 (7.7)

Tumor size

< 6 cm

98 (55.1)

21 (67.7)

0.188

119 (56.9)

≥ 6 cm

80 (44.9)

10 (32.3)

90 (43.1)

Early^a GFS^b

134 (75.3)

14 (45.2)

0.001

148 (70.8)

Yes

44 (24.7)

17 (54.8)

61 (29.2)

Early^a balloon dilatation

166 (93.3)

27 (87.1)

0.266

193 (92.3)

Yes

12 (6.7)

4 (2.9)

16 (7.7)

Delayed^c stricture

178 (85.1)

Yes

31 (14.9)

**Table 2.** Association Between EBD and Delayed Stricture in Subgroup Analysis of Early GFS Group^a
Early balloon dilatation (in Early GFS group, n = 61)	Stricture	OR (95% CI)	P-value
^aFisher’s exact test.
Yes (n = 16)	4	12	0.821 (0.223 - 3.018)	1
No (n = 45)	13	32

Table 2. Association Between EBD and Delayed Stricture in Subgroup Analysis of Early GFS Group^a

Early balloon dilatation (in Early GFS group, n = 61)

Stricture

OR (95% CI)

P-value

Positive (n = 17)

Negative (n = 44)

^aFisher’s exact test.

Yes (n = 16)

0.821 (0.223 - 3.018)

No (n = 45)

**Table 3.** Multivariable Analysis Showing Factors Associated With Delayed Stricture in 209 Patients^a
Variable	Total (%), n = 209	No stricture (%)	Stricture	Exp(B)	95% CI	P-value
^aLogistic regression analysis.
BMI	< 18.5	10 (4.8)	5 (2.8)	5 (16.2)	1		0.014
	≥ 18.5 and < 23	91 (43.5)	78 (43.8)	13 (41.9)	0.132	0.031- 0.567
	≥ 23	108 (51.7)	95 (53.4)	13 (41.9)	0.124	0.030 - 0.525
Early GFS	No	148 (70.8)	134 (75.2)	14 (45.2)	1		0.001
	Yes	61 (29.2)	44 (24.8)	17 (54.8)	3.958	1.743 - 8.991

Table 3. Multivariable Analysis Showing Factors Associated With Delayed Stricture in 209 Patients^a

Variable

Total (%), n = 209

No stricture (%)

Stricture

Exp(B)

95% CI

P-value

^aLogistic regression analysis.

BMI

< 18.5

10 (4.8)

5 (2.8)

5 (16.2)

0.014

≥ 18.5 and < 23

91 (43.5)

78 (43.8)

13 (41.9)

0.132

0.031- 0.567

≥ 23

108 (51.7)

95 (53.4)

13 (41.9)

0.124

0.030 - 0.525

Early GFS

148 (70.8)

134 (75.2)

14 (45.2)

0.001

Yes

61 (29.2)

44 (24.8)

17 (54.8)

3.958

1.743 - 8.991